Glossary of Specialised Terms
Abdominal cavity: The cavity holds the digestive organs and the kidneys. Abrasion: Superficial injury to the skin. Algor mortis: The...
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carindiachapter
Jan 6, 20234 min read
Guidelines for clinical evaluation of torture and ill-treatment - Istanbul protocol
Download form here I. Case information The following guidelines are based on the Istanbul Protocol. They are not intended to be a fixed...
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carindiachapter
Jan 6, 20231 min read
Format for medical examination of prison inmates on admission issued by the National Human Rights Co
Case No. Name Age Sex Thumb Impression Father’s/Husband’s name Occupation Date and time of admission in the prison Identification marks...
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carindiachapter
Jan 6, 20236 min read
General guidelines to prevent HCP from participating in torture
Doctors should be trained and supported to have independent clinical opinion as well as on the circumstances leading to the clinical...
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carindiachapter
Jan 6, 20233 min read
Role of HCP and health system in preventing, identifying and managing torture in custody
HCP also have a duty to not just perform clerical duties of unthinkingly documenting and treating isolated symptoms. For instance, if a...
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carindiachapter
Jan 6, 20232 min read
Torture based on other identities
People who have been accused of what is seen as ‘heinous crimes’ may face additional torture. For eg if someone has been accused of...
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carindiachapter
Jan 6, 20231 min read
Caste based torture
In Indian prisons, apart from being more likely to be incarcerated, people from dalit or adivasi communities may face particularly harsh...
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carindiachapter
Jan 6, 20231 min read
Torture based on religious identity
If people in custody have certain beliefs, rituals, customs or practices these can be targeted. This includes preventing their method of...
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carindiachapter
Jan 6, 20231 min read
Torture of People with disabilities
People with disabilities can have unique and specific needs and these can be withdrawn as a torture method, causing physical or...
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carindiachapter
Jan 6, 20232 min read
Torture of LGBTQI persons
Persons from the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex (LGBTQI) community can be arbitrarily arrested, detained and...
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carindiachapter
Jan 6, 20233 min read
Torture of Children
The definition of a “child” in the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child states “For the purpose of the present Convention, a ‘child’...
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carindiachapter
Jan 6, 20231 min read
Examination of men
As for women, the men’s genitals are best examined last. Broadly look for scars, injuries, redness, inflammation, tenderness, discharge....
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carindiachapter
Jan 6, 20233 min read
Memory in the context of custodial torture
Self-reports of trauma and torture are often not believed or are felt to be distortions or exaggerations for secondary gain....
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carindiachapter
Jan 6, 20231 min read
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
This is a delayed or protracted response to a stressful event or situation (of either brief or long duration) of an exceptionally...
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carindiachapter
Jan 6, 20232 min read
Psychological diagnoses
Anxiety and depression are common among survivors of torture and other ill-treatment. Drug and alcohol misuse are also seen more than in...
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carindiachapter
Dec 18, 20221 min read
Interpretation of the relationship between the physical/psychological findings and reported torture
These are some of the questions that can be looked into. 1. Are the psychological findings consistent with the alleged report of torture?...
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carindiachapter
Dec 18, 20221 min read
Clinical features associated with forms of torture - Mental status
The mental state exam begins the moment the health professional meets the subject. The interviewer should make note of the person’s...
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carindiachapter
Dec 18, 20221 min read
Clinical features associated with forms of torture - Psychological effects of torture
It would facilitate the recognition of physical consequences of torture if health profes- sionals were familiar with the physical...
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carindiachapter
Dec 18, 20222 min read
Clinical features associated with forms of torture - Perianal examination
Perianal examination The examination of the patient alleging sexual torture is not technically different from a general anogenital...
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carindiachapter
Dec 18, 20225 min read
Clinical features associated with forms of torture - Gynaecologic
Gynaecologic In many countries, acts of sexual violence are a common method of torture or inhuman treatment inflicted on women. It is...
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